Robin Hood

Hero or Criminal? Many people get by robin cap a hero. He was definitely a hero to the peasants of Nottingham. After all he steal from the rich and gave to the poor. If I were poor he would have been my hero, too. But to the rich people of Nottingham he was zero more than a criminal. Im sure I wouldnt think too highly of someone that stole my money. What redbreast Hood never took into consideration was that even though the outcome was good the course of action he took wasnt right. So was he a hero or a criminal? Some people consider him a kind hearted hero.Others think of him as a cold hearted criminal. So which is it? It all depends on your perspective. The myth of redbreast Hood is one of the most famous legends around. He is the subject of nearly forty side of meat and Scottish ballads and numerous tales, plays, and films (Wilhelm Robin Hood). But a legend isnt always a fact. a great deal all that is known of the medieval legend of Robin Hood is derived from five surviving poems or ballads and a frag ment of a play (Holt 15). The first literary reference to Robin Hood is in 1377. very much of the social background in the early ballads resembles the 14th century. But there are some reasons to recall that the Robin Hood legend was alive and well in the 13th century too. Hence, some historians interchangeable J. C. Holt prefer an earlier real Robin Hood (Robin Hood-The Search for the Real Robin Hood 9). No one knows for sure if Robin Hood is even a real character. According to one handed-down story, Robin Hood was actually the Earl of Huntingdon, and his real name was Robert Fitzooth. But many scholars believe Robin Hood is completely fictitious. (Robin Hood 346). Roger Dodsworth, one of the greatest figures of the antiquarian movement of the seventeenth century, noted Robert Locksley, innate(p) in Bradfield parish, in Hallamshire S. Yorkshire, wounded his stepfather to death at plough fled into the woods, and was relieved by his mother work he was discovered. Then he came to Clifton upon Calder, and came acquainted with Little John, that kept the kine, which said John is buried at Hathershed in Derbyshire, where he hath a fair tombstone with an inscription.Mr. Long saith that Fabyan saith, Little John was an Earl Huntingdon . After he joined with Much, the Millers son. (Holt 44) There are also some other people that could have inspired the Robin Hood legend. Perhaps the earliest outlaw Robin Hood is Robert Hood, servant of the Abbot of Cirencester. Sometime betwixt 1213 and 1216, he murdered a man named Ralph in the abbots garden. Most Robin Hood legends stories do leave the legendary outlaw a grudge against the church. But J. C.Holt dismisses this one as being too removed from Robins usual setting. (Robin Hood-The Search for the Real Robin Hood 9) There is also evidence to support the legend. A tombstone has been found with the following inscription Here underneath this little stone Lies Robert, Earl of Huntington. Neer a rcher was as he so good And people called him Robin Hood. Such outlaws as he and his men Will England never see again. (Lapman v) This leads some people to believe that Robin Hood is based on a real person. Real or fictitious it is still a legend.

Establishing a Claim in Negligence

IntroductionIn for a claim for negligence to be formal the claimant provide be inf solelyible to prove that they retain suffered dis commensuratement and that intentional behaviour or at least recklessness existed. This de offend allow a determination to be made as to whether the claimants kick in any possible tort of negligence claims against the suspects. Establishing if the defendant is negligent, the claimant must prove whether there is a responsibility of plow, whether this trade had been bankrupted and the molest was shitd by the breach. In nirvana v Pender1 it was first suggested there should be a general principle of law which governs the duty of carry on. shaper Atkin in Donoghue v Stevenson2 provided some guidance in this ara by showing that in beau monde to engraft a duty of c atomic number 18 was owed the so-called neighbour principle must be adopt you must compact reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you sens reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour. The Court in Dorset Yacht Co Ltd v plate Office3 grow this principle even further when it was made overhear what type of circumstances would give rise to a duty of care and was followed by Caparo Industries plc v Dickman4 which is currently the leading gaucherie dealing with the duty of care atom. The House of Lords in this case proposed a one-third-stage test for riging whether a duty of care has arisen. The courts would need to be satisfied that a) it would be reasonably foreseeable that the defendants failure to take care could cause injure or reproach to the claimant b) that the relationship between the claimant and the defendant was so keep out that there was an cistron of proximity between them and c) that it is fair, just and reasonable to levy a duty of care on the defendant based upon the particular circumstances of the case.Unless this test can be satisfied, a claimant ordain be otiose to establish a claim in negligence since the defendant will non be constitute to get hold of owed a duty of care to the claimant. Once it has been shown that a duty of care was owed to the claimant, it must past be shown that the duty has been breached. This will be decided by the Court based on a two-stage test first of all the Court will be ask to consider how the defendant should have behaved in much(prenominal) circumstances (question of law) and past decide the design to which the defendants behaviour fell below this required tired of care (question of fact).5Consequently, it must be shown that a reasonable person would have foreseen the danger and subsequently regarded the risk as unreasonable Blythe v Birmingham Waterworks6. As a general rule, a defendant will not be reasonable unless the risk was foreseeable, was not insignificant and a reasonable person would not have taken the necessary precautions in respect of the particular risk that occurred. In making such an assessment the Court will consider what precautions a reasonable person would have taken, what the likelihood of harm was and whether a reasonable person could have been expected to bear the costs of avoiding such harm. The test is an design one Glasgow Corp v Muir7 and the issue to be considered is not whether the defendant would have foresaw the risk save whether a reasonable person would have foresaw it based on the particular circumstances of the case.The issue will thus be decided on a case by case basis by reviewing the individual facts of the case. Once it is shown that the defendant owed a duty of care and subsequently breached that duty, causation must then be considered. Essentially, it must be shown that the claimants hurtes were a natural consequence of the breach since the breach caused the harm or constipation that occurred. In establishing causation, the but for test would need to be applied. This test was established in R v White8 when it was stated by the Court that the claimant must prove that the harm would not have occurred but for the defendants actions. Once this has been established causation will then be proved unless it can also be shown that there is an step in act which brakes the chain of causation, also known as a novus actus interveniens Wilsher v Essex Area Health Authority9 the but for test will not established. Remoteness of defile will then be determined by considering whether or not the damage was a benignant which was foreseeable. Once all of these elements have been proven, the defendant will be form liable for the full extent of the damage The Wagon mount (no.1)10. Jennifer HallamIn June 2013 Jennifer Hallam parked her car opposite the knights plaza create where on return to her car she noticed damage to the car. On enquiring from shop owners she was informed that this was due to washy reflecting from the building. Jennifer returned the next day and investigated and established this is the case. T Knight Group (TKG) owe a duty of care to Jennif er as the neighbour principle make headwayly applies to her on the basis that the Jennifer would have been so compressedly affected by the actions of TKG that they ought reasonably to have had her in their contemplation. TKG would thus have been under a duty to condition that reasonable care was being taken in order to avoid any harm or damage to third partied caused by their actions. Nevertheless, this could be disputed by TKG as they may be able to demonstrate that the breach of duty did not occur as a result of their own actions. This is because the architects or the structural engineers could instead be held responsible for the design fault. This situation has been seen around the world and also in the UK. Under section 79 of the environmental protection act 1990 the local authority may take action to ensure the nuisance is stopped. There is no reported case in England and Wales in which a Court has been required to determine reflection of sun out of work.However in New Zeal and this was the case and was seen in pious platitude of New Zealand v greenwood11. This would amount to an actionable tort of nuisance. Here the high Court of New Zealand held that reflected light can constitute an actionable nuisance. In Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd12 the Lords considered the New Zealand case and although they said that it was most unusual they did in fact regard the decision as eminently greennesssensical and admirable. In light of this, it could therefore be said that Jennifers actions is likely to be booming if the Courts in the UK follow suit. If the Courts do find that there has been a breach, it is likely that they will then be able to establish that the breach caused the harm and was not too remote so as to prevent an action in negligence. This is because, if TKG achievementful argue that they the architects or the structural engineers are to blame for the damage, then the standard of care will be that based upon their expertise Wilsher v Essex13. And, a rchitects and structural engineers will be required to have a reasonable expectation of the risks involved with this type of project and ought to have known of the dangers.RahimRahim caravanserai has stated that he has suffered a financial loss due to the dazzling sun and high temperatures that are created when the sun reflects off the Knights Plaza Building and onto the pavement outside his shop. There is generally no duty of care owed to individuals to avoid causing others to suffer an economic loss. The economic loss must not doctor to personal injury or damage to property as in Spartan poise & Alloys Ltd v Martin14. Nevertheless, in Hedley Byrne & co v Heller15 the House of Lords held that economic loss could be caused by negligence misstatement kinda than a negligent act, although it is unlikely to apply here. In Linklaters Business Services v Sir Robert McAlpine16, however, it was noted by the Court that It may well be arguable in the case of complex structures that one e lement of the structure should be regarded for the purpose of the application and the principles regarding economic loss as distinct from another element, so that damage to one part of the structure caused by a hidden defect in another part may qualify to be treated as damage to other property. It will depend all in all upon the facts of the case as to whether a claim by Rahim will prove to be a success although it is confutative whether this will be established given the complexity of establishing pure economic loss.Thus, Rahim will have to demonstrate that the relationship between Rahim and TKG was sufficiently close for a claim to be ascertained for economic loss. This is unlikely to be established given that Rahim merely owns a nearby sandwich shop and so the requirements are unlikely to be satisfied here. In addition, Rahim also stated that his business has just reopened subsequently health inspector closed it down after allegations of food poisoning. This could be significan t as the loss could have been caused by the closure of the shop for 6 months. The chain of causation (novus actus interveniens) could have been broken by the fact the shop was closed. In certain cases, the chain of causation is capable of being broken by an intervening act. Therefore, the defendant may not be liable if the chain is broken by the intervening act even if there exists a duty of care as in Kirkham v fountainhead17. Thus, as put by Finch and Fafinski if the novus actus interveniens is sufficient to break the chain, then the defendant may not be liable despite being in breach of the duty of care.18 Accordingly, it is therefore unlikely that TKG will be found liable in tort for the loss that was suffered by Rahim since it is likely that the loss would have occurred regardless The Oropesa19. Rahim is also being prosecuted having been caught on CCTV cameras throwing stones and subsequently causing damage to the Knights Plaza Building costing ?75,000. In common law Rahim wou ld be found criminally liable for criminal damage under section 1 (1) of the Criminal Damage Act 1971 for destroying property that belonged to another with the intention or recklessness as to whether damage was caused. The fact that Rahim was caught on CCTV throwing stones at the building is sufficient enough to find him liable under this section. Accordingly, it is clear that Rahim had the intention to damage the property by throwing the stones as he was angry at TKG for the loss of gain in which he claims to have suffered. In addition, for criminal damage to be established, it does not have to be shown that the property is no longer usable. The fact that some damage was caused will be sufficient as in Roper v Knott20. Accordingly, Rahim will thus be found criminally liable for prejudicial the property and causing ?75,000 worth of damage.Andy Pandy, Mandy Pandy and Muz AhmedIn deciding whether Darren is liable for the death of Andy Pandy and the injuries sustained by Mandy Pandy and Muz Ahmed, it will need to be considered whether Darran owed them a duty of care. Applying the Caparo test, it is evident that a duty of care was owed to Andy, Mandy and Muz. This is because all three of them can be considered to have a relationship of proximity to Darran that he ought to have had them in his contemplation. Hence, drivers owe a duty of care to pedestrians so it is evident that this part of the test will have been satisfied. Nevertheless, it is questionable whether Darran failed to take care given that the gust of wind is likely to have been unforeseeable and as such it would not be fair, just and reasonable to impose duty of care on him. In addition, although Darran caused the chance event to occur it can be said that there was an intervening act that broke the chain of causation. This is because the misadventure would not have happened had it not been for the structure of the building and because these defects were known to the TKG since May 2013, they could h ave alleviated these problems by taking the necessary steps. In view of this, the TKG should be found liable for the death of Andy since they ought to have taken reasonable precautions to prevent the problem from occurring. Essentially, because they had not taken any steps to prevent the problem from occurring it is clear that they should be found liable as they would have owed Andy a duty of care, they were in breach of that duty and the breached caused the harm.The same will apply in relation to Mandy and Muz since it would not be fair, just and reasonable to impose liability on Darran for the psychiatric harm that was caused and so TKG ought to be held liable for this also. In order to establish a claim in negligence for psychiatric injury, all of the negligence requirements must first be satisfied. However, further difficulties will arise since Mandy and Muz will not be awarded compensation unless three additional requirements are satisfied a) there was a close tie of love and a ffection between the parties b) that the victim was close to the accident at the time, and c) that the accident was directly perceived.21 It is likely that Mandy will be able to establish all three given that Andy was her brother, although it will be more difficult for Muz to demonstrate that there was a close tie of love and affection. In addition, it will also have to be shown that the harm or damage caused was reasonably foreseeable, which again will be likely to prove complex Alcock v top dog constable of Yorkshire22. In Page v Smith23, nonetheless, the defendant was found liable even though the claimant was not physically hurt the car crash that was caused by the defendant. Therefore, it is possible that both Mandy and Muz will be able to establish a claim against TKG as shown in Dulieu v White24. If it is shown that the harm is too remote, however, they will not be able to establish a claim.ConclusionOverall, it is likely that TKG will be found liable for the damage that has been caused to Jennifers car, the death of Andy and the psychiatric injury caused to Mandy and Muz, unless they can demonstrate that the architects and structural engineers are to blame. It is unlikely that Rahims claim will succeed and instead he will be found criminally liable for the damage caused to the building. Damages fall into two categories, pecuniary and non-pecuniary losses. Pecuniary losses are calculated into fiscal terms whereas non-pecuniary losses are not. However, whether or not damages will be awarded will be dependent upon the remoteness of the harm or damage that was causedBibliographyFinch, E. and Fafinski, S. (2010) Law Express Tort Law, 3rd Edition, Longman.Kidner, R. (2010) standard on Torts, 11th Edition.The Law Commission., Liability for Psychiatric Illness (1998) Law Com No 249, 2.Cases Alcock v Chief Constable of Yorkshire 1992 1 AC 310Bank of New Zealand v greenwood 1984 1 NZLR 525Blythe v Birmingham Waterworks (1856) 11 Exch 781Caparo Industries plc v Dickman 1990 1 All ER 568Donoghue v Stevenson 1932 AC 562Dorset Yacht Co Ltd v Home Office 1970 AC 1004Glasgow Corp v Muir 1943 AC 448Hedley Byrne & co v Heller 1963 3 WLR ciHeaven v Pender (1883) 11 QBD 503 Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd 1997 2 WLR 684Kirkham v Chief 1990 2 KB 283Linklaters Business Services v Sir Robert McAlpine 2010 EWHC 1145 (TCC)Page v Smith 1996 AC clvRoper v Knott 1898 1 QB 868R v White (1910) 2 KB 124Spartan Steel & Alloys Ltd v Martin 1972 3 WLR 502The Oropesa 1943 1 All ER 211Wilsher v Essex Area Health Authority 1988 AC 1074

Katie Hopkins Response to Article Essay

On critique of your article I wont let my fryren play with friends that I deem beneath them thats what caring mothers do Apprentice star admits she tar imparts playmates who are a right(a) influence I was floor to see that you judge barbarianren Not only are you judging children who are too young to even so acknowledge their actions but you go as far as to even judge them on the c tout ensemble they corroborate. Children are given names by their parents and therefore have no control of it, you claim that children with overnice sounding names have smarter parents therefore smarter kids however even a child that has been brought up in a bad environment butt flourish at a school where their education is valued. after on, you state Similarly, I make a mental note when Poppy and India tell me that a particular child lets call him Peter is always late for school. here you judge a child without even knowing their situation even though they could have a medical condition or have a special medical need that requires some time to be attended to.As well as this they might even be in Gifted & Talented and be needing much attention than your daughters who may not be as gifted therefore could be a good impact on your children. You then also say If his parents cant be bothered to get him into class on time, they clearly dont care about the education of their child and, worsened still, are hindering the learning of others. My girls are as frustrated with this continual tardiness as I am. Is it beyond the wit of a parent to get their child to school on time? First of all you dont even know the situation of the family they could be in a state of pauperism and might not be able to drive to school they would have to walk.As Peter is increment it would be bad to get him to wake up at 5 so he can get to school on time when he catch up on everything he bewildered after school without it affecting him. After this you say When I hear my daughters talking about childr en who have all the latest gadgets whether its an iPhone or iPad Im instantly on my guard beca mathematical function they emphatically wont have time to devote to homework. As a result, I will deter any friendship. This is beyond serious as you now begin to judge children on their wealth and status. Yes, it may affect them not being able to do their homework however such an upstanding appendage of the community and budding mother such as yourself must know that you could simply control their use of these gadgets until they have finished their homework.

Nature-Nurture and the Cloned Human

The three trains in biopsychosocial scheme (explained in Myers, 2006) be biological, psychological (e.g., cognitive and emotional influences), and social-cultural (unusual since these influences include those studied by social psychologists, e.g., family, peer, and some other group influences). The influences in the three levels generally interact with each other in depending for the variation amid individuals. However, if a person wanted to be cloned, the person and the clone should be genetically identical, i.e., a result of the primary level. We do know that identical twins ar essentially clones (Myers, 2006).Genetics can fully distinguish for characteristics much(prenominal) as genetic sex, and also can influence or fail to influence other personality characteristics of identical twins. Influence, however, means that genetics interact with influences from the other two levels. Until the last paragraph of this paper, the impudence that evidence based on identical twins can be generalized to clones has been accepted.Similar condition The Case of the Boy Who Became a GirlThe goal of psychologists studying personality is to account for the variability between individuals. Behavioral-genetic research, which has been furthering this goal, has been motivated by findings that similarities between identical twins do not vary as a function of whether the twins were reared together or apart, there is considerable between-twin variability, and adopted children do not circumstances characteristics with their adoptive families but do share them with their biological families (reviewed in Harris, 1995). There hold up been consistent findings that 40-50% of the between-individual variability in personality characteristics is attributable to genetics, and the percentage of variability accounted for by genetics depends on the characteristic being studied (reviewed in Harris, 1995).Studies of genetics and IQ ticks (reviewed in Neisser, et al., 1999) have prov ided evidence that genetics account for a large percentage of between-individual (but not between-group) variability in scores (whatever these tests actually measure), though results can be mediated by other influences, e.g., by social expectations (from level three) and cognition (from level two).For example, children who do not care enough about their grades to appreciate the worksheet and memorization approach that passes for teaching at many schools (social expectations) may interpret these tests (cognitive influences) as yet another obstacle invented by the educational system. Nonetheless, if you score well on an IQ test, theres a high probability that your clone result too. There are genetic predispositions for many characteristics, with varying degrees to which non-genetic factors interact with genetic ones, e.g., depression (Behar, 1980), attitudes (Turner, 1993), alcoholism (Hill, 1990), altruism (Ruston, 1989), shyness (Kagan, Reznick, & Snidman, 1988).Need for Further Re searchWhen people think of cloning, they seem to be asking questions such as, if Einstein or Mozart were cloned, would the clone grow up to be a scientific or melodic comedy genius? First, the clones and persons would differ in some or many of their experiences both before birth (i.e., in the womb, identical twins differ in their positions, access to nutrition, etc.) and after. The clones would be predisposed towards scientific or musical accomplishment. However, Watson and Rayner (1920/2000) demonstrated that classical conditioning resulted in Little Albert becoming frightened of anything furry after however two trials in which the presentation of a white rat was followed by a loud noise. So who knows what would happen if Einsteins or Mozarts clone tripped over an encyclopedia or fiddle?However, Einstein and Mozart were at the extremes of scientific and musical genius, where genetics are a greater influence than for aunt Edna, who teaches science at Dung Hill High School, or for Grandpa Patrick, who entertains his family with heart-warming renditions of When Irish Eyes are Smiling. So there should be a high probability that Einsteins and Mozarts clones would bedevil important contributions to science and music. To my knowledge, there have not been identical-twin studies, where one or both twins authentic historical recognition for their accomplishments.A second type of question is related to possible differences in counter and cloning. Increasingly sophisticated methods of monitoring spirit activity, e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging, have resulted in studies that have provided evidence that particular areas of the judgement become activated as we develop cutting abilities and acquire new forms of memories, and that over the course of development, there are permanent changes in a persons brain (reviewed in Damasio, 2002).Probably the most interesting possible change is related to our understanding that we have an innate world separate from others. Piaget (1952/1963) studied how such a sense of self developed during childishness, and theres evidence that different brain areas are activated in reaction to self-relevant information than in response to other information (reviewed in Zimmer, 2005). Thus the question arises Is it possible for Aunt Edna and her clone to have a shared sense of self?ReferencesBehar, D. (1980). Familial substrates of depression A clinical view. The Journal ofClinical Psychiatry, 41, 52-56.Damasio, A. R. (2002). How the brain creates the mind. Scientific American SpecialEdition, 12, 4-9.Harris, J. R. (1995). Where is the childs environment? A group socialization theory ofdevelopment. Psychological Review, 102, 458-490.Hill, S. Y. (1990). Personality resemblances in relatives of male alcoholics A comparisonwith families of matched control cases. Biological Psychology, 27, 1305-1322.Kagan, J., Resnick, J. S., & Sidman, N. (1988). Biological bases of childhood shyness.Science, 240, 167-171.Myers, D. G. (2006). Psychology eighth edition in modules. New York Worth.Neisser, U., Boodoo, G., Bouchard, T., Boykin, A. W., Brody, N., Ceci, S. et al. (1999).Intelligence Knowns and Unknowns. In R. J. Sternberg & R. K. Wagner (Eds.),Readings in cognitive psychology (pp. 486-532). Orlando, Fl Harcourt.Piaget, J. (1952/1963). The origin of intelligence in children. New York Norton.Rushton, J. P. (1989). Genetic similarity, human altruism, and group selection.Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12, 503-559.Tesser, A. (1993). The enormousness of hereditability in psychological research The caseof attitudes. Psychological Review, 100, 129-142.Watson, J. B., & Rayner, R. (1920/2000). Conditioned emotional reactions. AmericanPsychologist, 55, 313-317.Zimmer, C. (2005). The neurobiology of the self. Scientific American, 293, 92-101.

Literature review Essay

Youthfulness has eer been an attraction, a perception of vibrancy and dynamism in every stage of a mans life. This so-c entirelyed Fountain of Youth in each individual is reflected in his or her lifestyle their desire towards otherwisewise people in the society their interaction in their working environ workforcet, most specially the musical note of the output of their work and their perception of life that age does not hamper one to continue be young.Dossey (200212-16) For this group of youthful old individuals, what is vital is the quality of life and not the quantity of life. It is not whether they pay lived long enough, but it is whether they fork over lived in attainment of their goals and aspirations, with contentment and happiness. This is what really matters at the end of the day. Dossey (200212-16) With all these debate over the signifi give the bouncece of extending this particular stage in life, science and technology played a crucial role in addressing these mat ters.Experiments have been conducted on the possibility of extending the life span of people with the use of certain medicines or even through surgery. In this attempt to reach immortality, biologic breakthrough in cell division and regeneration argon being processed in order to ascertain the render for this demand. Science and technology have paved way to the peoples mindset that indeed, the possibility of a longer and more youthful life can be available. Dossey (200212-16)From this vantage point, the emergence of biomedicine has blossomed and has demonstrated the respective(a) ways in which it can influence the social aspect of an individual, aside from the physical well-being of the person. Bios have always been regarded as the most effective and at the same time, the most cost-efficient amongst all types of improve or medication. Before we proceed with the technical aspects of Bios in medicine or in cosmetics, it is important that the exposition of Biologicals atomic numb er 18 likewise given proper attention in this root. What is Biologicals?Biologicals or what we call the Biotechnology-derived products that require leaden work in preparation and simplification of the raw materials in order to ensure the quality-control is above or within the approved standards as legislated. Tsang (2003367-370) As per attached herein, you can see the various product types of biologicals denotation Tsang (2003367-370) Given the sensitivity of the issue, it is necessary that Biotechnology-derived products are governed by a strong legislative body to confirm the standards that will enable the products to remain safe to the end-users, to us, humans.It was then defined that these products are products which contain a biological substance, the substance possessing the following that it is extracted from or sourced from a biological substance, and that there is a need for that substance to support several tests to ascertain the measures of safety and reliability of the product that it is not hazardous to health. Requirements have been set by the authorities-in-charge so that liabilities against the general public are minimized. At the same time, these regulatory compliances will also service as educating tools for the end-users that they are aware of the products they purchase.This is most especially true when the health, such is the appearance, is at risk. An example of biologicals that are prevalent in this day and age is the use of Bio-cosmetics. Bio-cosmetics In order to meet the objective of the paper which is to give enlightenment on the status of the bio-cosmetic industry, it is necessary that we are all in equal dry land in the definitions of the terms being employ in this paper. Bio-cosmetics is primarily do of two different components integrated to produce another element or component. In this case, we have bio and, we also have cosmetics. Bio, from the Greek have form bios, which means life.Meanwhile, cosmetics pertain to the use for beautifying, cleansing or protecting, especially of the throw together, nails, hair, or other parts of the human body, or of other species required for exhibition. Webster (2006450) Furthermore, bio is a composition of natural elements raw materials that are unadulterated and constitutes the purest ingredients of Mother Nature. It is in these virgin materials that the most complicated and highly-processed and most sought-after medicines are derived from. peerless need not go far, as these are simply in our lush environment that we can acquire these Biologicals. Such form is the Bio-Cosmetics.From the word itself, these are cosmetics that utilize the most biologicals. Cosmetics have come a long way from its origins in the early ancient period. Grolier (2005 188). Cosmetics, mainly used for changing and enhancing the appearance of the face, skin and/or hair of the human being, is also being used as an adjunct to religious rituals, wherein men and women in the ancient days a dorn themselves with accessories and cosmetics. From the many archaeological studies of the early days, it was found that men and women knew of how to place pigments and blend them with greasy substances, which are then considered as cosmetics.Analysis of these prehistoric pigments has revealed that as many as 17 colors have been used for these purposes. The most comm but used were a snow-clad made from white lead, chalk or gypsum a black from charcoal or manganese ores and red, orange and yellow. During the ancient world, the Sumerians, Babylonians, Hebrews and Egyptians employed similar preparations of cosmetics for similar purposes as follows ceremonial, medicinal and ornamental. The Ancient Middle Eastern civilizations lavished mostly on the eyes, in part as a form of protection. Grolier (2005 188).Henna was used to dye the hair and the fingernails, the palms of the choke and the soles of the feet. Scents and unguents are curb at first in the rituals of mummification. In Egy pt, rouges, whitening powders, abrasives for cleaning the teeth, bath oils and lipsticks were used daily by both sexes from the upper classes. Almond, olive, sesame oils, thyme and oregano, f sayincense and myrrh, saffron, rosewater, and chypre formed the foundation of basic concoctions that we re eventually used throughout the world. A few more examples of how cosmetics sprung in various countries are discussed hereinIn India, cosmetics were significant in Indian women in fulfilling their duty to always appear alluring to their caramel brown or mate, such as is specified under the Kama Sutra. Women then were advised to learn the arts of tattooing. Cosmetics also served as an emblem in determining the caste or class rank in the society. Up till now, many Indian women still use cosmetics in the ancient way eyelids are tinted with an antimony-based dye, the faces and build up are stained yellow with saffron powder, and the soles of the feet are reddened with henna. Grolier (2005 188 ).In Greece and Rome, the classical Greek only permitted the use of few cosmetics, although they made use of imported raw materials. Greek women however, dye their hair on a regular basis during times of mourning, and they sometimes lightened it with pomade or colored powders. Meanwhile, the Romans scorned cosmetics as effete. However, during the time of the empire, cosmetics began to be worthy in defining symbols of status and wealth. It should be noted however, that most of these popular cosmetics were, in fact, poisonous, especially the white lead commonly used as face powder.Grolier (2005 188). In Medieval Europe, cosmetics were for a time restricted to the males of certain courts and to high-born ladies and courtesans. The contemporary criteria for facial makeup in the Western world is perhaps a lengthiness of medieval beauty, which is required that a womans skin be as white as the lily, and that her cheeks as red as the rose. Preparations for achieving this ideal were availa ble to the rich commoners had to make do with the wheat-flour powder and beet-juice rouge.To thug this history notes of the birth of cosmetics, France emerged as the leader in developing the art of makeup, and both men and women of rank used face powder, hair powder of saffron or flower pollen, and skin lotions. On the other hand, the Italians, particularly the Venetians, had become the major producers and purveyors of cosmetic preparations. Venetian ceruse, a skin whitener, was considered superior to all others and was in great demand, despite the knowledge that the white lead it contained could ruin the complexion and cause baldness, and if used in the long run, even death. Grolier (2005 188-191).The peak of cosmetic use was reached in 18th century Europe, especially in England and France, where both sexes attempted to reach an almost totally artificial appearance. In England, this was the age of macaroni, the young dandy whose clothing, powdered wig, rouge, and red lips, were s upposedly inspired by Italian fashion. By the 1880s, advances in technology especially in printing and the advent of advertising opened way for a new era in cosmetic history the age of testimonial advertisements. Respectable and beautiful women began to appear in print ads change and encouraging more women to use cosmetics. Grolier (2005 188-191).

Answer some questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Answer some questions - Assignment ExampleGermany attacked the Great Britain by bombing and bringing divide of destruction. In return, the British forces fought back to counter the German conquest. German continued the attacks by fighting the Britains Royal mien force who were their formidable opponents and this mad the Germans to be more determined in defeating the Britain air force. Germany bombed the largest city of Great Britain, London City and this was a very severe attack to the Britain nation and indeed was one of the greatest attacks transacted by Hitler. Once the London bombing was done, the Germanys felt that they were winning the Battle save instead the British air force took to the sky and bombed the German bombers. Germany ended up losing a wad of airplanes among other military hardware.Germany distinct to stop fight Britain because they ran out of fighter planes as they had been destroyed by Britain. Hitler needed more air force to invade Russia, but his men wer e busy fighting the British forces. Hitler lost interest in taking over Britain and so he decided to stop attacking them. Hitler never wanted to attack innocent people in the cities and this contributed to him stopping the attacks in Great Britain. They decided to down a significant portion of the Britain (Radar Defense system) RDS while Great Britain managed to shoot down 46 aircraft belonging to Germany even though they lost 13 of their own. In another incidence during the fight, Great Britain sweep down 75 Germany aircrafts and lost 35 of their own (Allison, Grey &Valentine, 2012). Great Britain succeeded in using the Germany Luftwaffe system by ruling against any striking of the RDS, which made them ineffective. Great Britain fought until they came out victorious and Hitler lost the battle. Hitler succeeded in bombing London for 57 successful nights, but later lost due to poor strategy in the battle. There was bad weather that was experienced during the attack and that attack ers

Tell a story of significance to your family. Tell it in scene Essay

Tell a story of significance to your family. Tell it in circumstance - Essay ExampleMy grandfather chose to go with Batista, Cubas former president he collaborated with the US and became an American spy. This way, he gained an asylum in America together with his family when things turned sour back in Cuba. I can still remember that day it was a chilly Thursday in 1961. Grandpa woke everyone up unusually early, urging us to get ready as we were relocating to a safer place. When all of us were ready, I heard a rumbling sound outside our house. Grandpa, what is that? Why are we dressed up? I had a thousand more questions to ask him. He leaned on his knee, took my arms in his and said my dear, do not worry. That is an American helicopter that will take us to our new home. The thought of flying in a helicopter calmed down my fears and uncertainties.From the helicopter, I could see the beautiful world below. My younger brother lost all this, as he was fast asleep in my grandpas laps. With in a short time, we landed in Miami international airport. I marveled at its size and beauty. A van already packed there was waiting to take us to our home. Everyone was excited and tired at the same time. We settled in wee Havana, which is renowned for its large population of immigrants initially Jewish, but currently hosts many Cubans. Little Havana occupies the western side of the great Miami. I loved it